Scientific and Practical Journal "Materials of Scientific Conferences of the Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University"
Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University
POLITICAL CORRECTNESS: DEFINITION OF THE TERM
The article presents an analysis of the emergence of the term «political correctness» in the USA as a component of social movements of the 1960s-1980s, in particular the movement for the rights of African Americans; the feminist movement; the struggle for the rights of people with disabilities; the LGBT rights movement, etc. It is noted that the understanding of political correctness today still has a dual perception: positive (political correctness is a way of forming a democratic and inclusive society), negative (political correctness is considered a tool of censorship that limits freedom of speech and creates excessive sensitivity in society). The term «political correctness» has become entrenched in the dictionaries of modern English as a norm of speech etiquette, an ideological principle, a component of liberal ideology that promotes equality, inclusiveness, and protection of minorities. It is emphasized that political correctness is a product of democratic transformations of the second half of the twentieth century, aimed at overcoming discrimination and fostering an equal society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Scientific and Practical Journal "Materials of Scientific Conferences of the Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University"
IMPLEMENTATION BY MEMBER STATES OF ARTICLES 15 AND 17 OF DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/790 ON COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS: CROSS-BORDER CHALLENGES AND IMPACT ON THE DIGITAL SINGLE MARKET
The theses presents a theoretical and methodological analysis of cross-border challenges arising from the transposition of Articles 15 and 17 of Directive (EU) 2019/790 into the national legislation of EU countries. It examines the rights of press publishers and the liability of online platforms. Legal fragmentation and its impact on the Digital Single Market are analyzed, as well as the phenomenon of «golden shielding» and its consequences for the integrity of the European legal space. It is argued that discrepancies in the implementation of the Directive create legal uncertainty and increase risks for business activities.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A MANAGEMENT METHOD
The materials explore the role of artificial intelligence as a management method in the public administration system. The role of artificial intelligence in various spheres of public life is shown, such as the economy, which provides for obtaining commercial benefits based on the possibility of optimizing costs, in the field of communication and interaction, which contributes to the prompt search for information and formulates a full-fledged response to the request, reduces the level of formalism in communication, in the educational sphere, which requires the development and support of such educational programs that in the near future will contribute to the processes of automation of certain specialties and professions, in the system of support and decision-making, which will require resolving ethical issues in the process of applying artificial intelligence, which will manifest itself in the bias of artificial intelligence when making decisions. It is concluded that despite the obvious socio-economic advantages and broad opportunities, the role of artificial intelligence technologies in the field of public administration seems to some researchers to be too controversial today. In this regard, we face a large number of questions, because the public administration system is inert and conservative, and any changes to it are associated with certain risks. Therefore, transparency in government decisions, active information of the population and close interaction with society in discussing the possibilities and consequences of the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies will contribute to the adoption of innovative technological solutions by citizens, increase the effectiveness of their implementation.
THE FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION MANAGERS
In the course of studying the nature of competence in global scientific thought, several approaches to its understanding have been formed, including behavioral, cognitive, constructivist, personality-oriented, functional, integrative, and competence-based ones. It is noted that the competency-based approach plays a significant role in the formation of competencies among public servants and should serve as the foundation for the training and professional development of managers in public administration bodies.
LEADERSHIP AS A FACTOR IN DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF PUBLIC SERVANTS
This theses examines leadership and professional competence of public servants. Leadership in the public service is analyzed, which is based on the values of publicity, integrity and responsibility, and also acts as a mechanism for forming a management culture. Special attention is paid to the role of innovation and modernization in public administration. The work is aimed at substantiating the need to develop managerial leadership and personnel potential.
ATTRACTING INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AND STRENGTHENING PARTNERSHIPS AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN UKRAINE IN WAR CONDITIONS
The theses examine the main directions of international support for Ukraine during the war and in the post-war recovery period, as well as the role of local self-government bodies in strengthening partnerships with international organizations. Various forms of assistance are analyzed, including humanitarian, financial, and technical aid, as well as institutional partnerships. Particular attention is given to institutional partnerships as a long-term form of cooperation aimed at enhancing governance capacity, exchanging best practices, and implementing European standards of public administration. The study demonstrates that international support contributes to infrastructure restoration, the socio-economic resilience of communities, and Ukraine’s integration into the European space. At the same time, it identifies key risks in cooperation with international donors, such as staff shortages, bureaucratic obstacles, and limited access to international platforms. In conclusion, the emphasis is placed on the need to improve the qualifications of local self-government personnel and to develop digital services to ensure the effective engagement of international support.
ORGANISATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES IN THE SKADOVSK TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALISATION AND MARTIAL LAW
The activities of the Administrative Services Centre (ASC) in the Skadovsk community have been analysed. It is noted that, despite military events, temporary occupation and destruction of infrastructure, the ASC has maintained its ability to provide citizens with basic services. The experience of the Skadovsk community highlights the resilience of the ASC institution even under crisis conditions. Digital tools serve not only as technical means of process optimization but also as a strategic resource for the development of local self-government.
RISK OF ALGORITHMIC BIAS OF DIGITAL THEMIS: A PRACTICAL ASPECT
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT OF NATURE RESERVE FUND IN THE TERRITORY OF MODERN UKRAINE
The theses highlight the history of the formation and development of state management of Ukraine’s nature reserve fund from ancient times to the present. The evolution of nature protection is traced: from religious traditions and monastic restrictions in Kyivan Rus and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to the establishment of the first reserves in the 19th-20th centuries. Particular attention is paid to the Soviet period, when the regulatory framework was formed, special bodies and a network of reserves were created, while some protected areas were simultaneously liquidated. With the declaration of Ukraine’s independence, nature conservation entered a new stage of development through the adoption of key laws such as «On the Nature Reserve Fund», «On the Red Book of Ukraine», «On the Ecological Network of Ukraine», the National Program for the Formation of a National Ecological Network. It is emphasized that today Ukraine possesses a strong legal and organizational foundation for the effective management of its nature reserve fund, harmonized with international standards. The analysis concludes that the formation and development of state management of the nature reserve fund in modern Ukraine has taken place in six distinct stages.
CONSTRUCTION OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN MYKOLAIV REGION: THE PATH FROM CENTRALIZATION TO THE BASIN PRINCIPLE
The theses examine the evolution of the water management system in the Mykolaiv region, a region characterized by risky agriculture and critically dependent on external water resources. The path of development of water management bodies in the Soviet period and during the period of independence of Ukraine is investigated. The construction of the water management complex from the period of dominance of land reclamation and ending with the strategic reform of 2015–2018 is highlighted. The key reorganizations that led to the creation of the Regional Office for Water Resources in 2018, which was the result of the implementation of the EU Directive 2000/60/EC, are traced. The integrated approach and the basin principle are emphasized, which meet the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive and are the basis of the activities of the current Regional Office for Water Resources. Its tasks cover not only the operation of systems, but also water quality monitoring and energy saving. Despite progressive structural changes, the main problem of the region – limited water resources – remains relevant and requires the constant implementation of strict water conservation regimes and the search for new sources.
INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES OF BUILDING TRUST IN STATE INSTITUTIONS IN DEMOCRATIC COUNTRIES
EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS
The materials present an analysis of the digital transformation of healthcare systems in the European Union in the context of the implementation of e-government initiatives. Particular attention is paid to the creation of the European Health Data Space (EHDS) and the MyHealth@EU platform, which provide cross-border exchange of medical data. The national digital healthcare strategies of Spain, Malta and Poland are analyzed as examples of the integration of European policies into national systems. It is shown that the digitalization of healthcare services contributes to increased accessibility, reduced administrative costs and improved quality of healthcare, but requires further harmonization of the legal framework and technological standards within the EU.
SHUTDOWN-CRISIS IN THE USA: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR UKRAINE
The materials present an analysis of the modern phenomenon of shutdown as a mechanism of budgetary destabilization and an indicator of institutional tension between the branches of government. It is found that in 2023-2025 the threat of government shutdown has acquired a systemic character and has become an instrument of inter-party pressure. It is emphasized that shutdown is not a technical shutdown of the government, but a form of political bargaining that reflects the depth of institutional conflicts and polarization of American society.
GLOBALIZATION AND GOVERNANCE: THE INTERCONNECTION OF CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
The theses explore the relationship between globalization and governance, consider the key challenges facing organizations and states in the context of globalization, as well as the opportunities that open up through effective governance. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of governance practices in response to global changes, examples from international experience, and the role of governance in shaping global development strategies.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AS AN IMPORTANT TOOL FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES OF TEMPORARILY OCCUPIED TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
The theses present a theoretical analysis devoted to the study of the role of digitalization in the conditions of war and temporary occupation of communities of Ukraine. They outline the main challenges faced by local self-government bodies during the loss of documents, archives, electronic document management systems and communication channels, digital solutions that help restore management activities, practical examples of the implementation of electronic platforms and the importance of digital archives for preserving cultural memory, community identity and documenting the crimes of the aggressor.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF POST-CONFLICT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE
The materials present a theoretical and methodological analysis of the concept of public governance through trust, within which social capital is interpreted as a strategic resource for effective public service. It is shown that trust is a key condition for the effectiveness of reforms, the legitimacy of power, and the stability of public governance institutions. The study presents an interdisciplinary approach that combines an analysis of international practices of trust-based governance in Finland, Denmark, Estonia, and Canada with an assessment of the compliance of Ukrainian regulatory and legal frameworks with the principles of transparency, integrity, and accountability. It identifies the internal and external dimensions of social capital that shape trust-based relations between the state and citizens, and outlines directions for developing trust through ethical leadership, open data, citizen participation, and digital interaction.
EDUCATIONAL SUBVENTION: FROM AN INCENTIVE TO A CHALLENGE. HOW THE FUNDING FORMULA AFFECTS COMMUNITIES
The theses analyzes the evolution of the educational subvention, which has transformed from a flexible financial flow into a rigid formula-based mechanism. It is shown that the current formula, while stimulating the optimization of school networks, creates a systemic deficit of funds in local budgets. The authors reveal how the use of outdated data and normative indicators deepens financial inequality between urban and rural communities. It is argued that the policy regarding small-scale schools puts villages on the verge of closure. Finally, ways to improve the system are proposed through updating the formula, developing a partnership between the state and communities, and implementing inter-municipal cooperation.
MECHANISMS FOR STRENGTHENING THE INFLUENCE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ON THE DEMOCRATIZATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The theses analyze the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the process of democratizing public administration in Ukraine. The main mechanisms of their influence on the activities of public authorities are examined, including institutional, informational-communicative, and financial-organizational ones. The importance of NGOs as intermediaries between the state and citizens, promoting transparency, accountability, and public participation in decision-making, is emphasized. The paper highlights the legal framework regulating the activities of NGOs and identifies key challenges such as bureaucratic barriers, political pressure, insufficient funding, and the impact of martial law on their effectiveness. It concludes that developing partnerships between government and civil society, strengthening e-democracy, and enhancing the capacity of NGOs to participate in policy-making are essential conditions for the sustainable development of democracy in Ukraine.
MARKETING APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT: THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES AND INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
The theses consider the key principles of the marketing approach, in particular market orientation, target audience analysis, strategic planning, research and development, demand management. The practical aspects of implementing marketing strategies in different countries are highlighted, in particular examples from European, American and Chinese business practice. Recommendations are considered for improving the management structure and adapting marketing tools in the context of globalization and digitalization.
EXPERIENCE OF LEADING EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN PROVIDING ELECTRONIC PUBLIC SERVICES
The materials present an analysis of the approaches of European states to the implementation of electronic governance and the provision of administrative services in digital format. The experience of Estonia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Latvia in building information and communication infrastructure, developing integrated service portals and implementing the "single window" system is considered. The conclusion is made that digital reforms in Europe are based on the principles of integration, security, transparency and user orientation, which allows states to increase the efficiency of management, minimize corruption risks and provide citizens with free access to administrative procedures.
PROBLEMS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONCEPTS OF «COMMUNAL PROPERTY» AND «COMMUNAL PROPERTY»
The theses reveal the essence and content of the concepts of «municipal property» and «municipal ownership» as key categories of the institution of local self-government. It has been established that municipal property constitutes the material basis for the activities of territorial communities, ensuring their capacity to independently address local issues. An analysis of current Ukrainian legislation was carried out to determine the legal content of the category of «municipal property». Scientific approaches to interpreting this concept have been summarized, according to which it is considered from legal, economic, and managerial perspectives. It was found that in the scientific literature, municipal property is understood as a set of material and financial resources that ensure the economic independence of territorial communities. Particular attention has been paid to the relationship between the concepts of «municipal property» and «municipal ownership», and their interdependence and distinction within the legal framework have been identified. It is concluded that these concepts are closely related but not identical. It is emphasized that only in their unity can the real economic capacity of territorial communities and the functional independence of local self-government be ensured.
MECHANISMS FOR FORMING A CAPABLE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY IN THE CONTEXT OF A SERVICE-ORIENTED STATE
The scientific paper reveals the essence of forming a capable territorial community in the context of the public service activities of the state. It substantiates that the effectiveness of local self-government is determined not only by the scope of delegated powers or financial resources but also by a comprehensive system of interaction between the state and the community. The main mechanisms for forming a capable community are identified: financial and economic, organizational and managerial, human resource, innovation and digital, and social. It is shown that the public service model of state governance creates favorable conditions for community self-development, improves the quality of public services, and strengthens citizens’ trust in the authorities. It is concluded that the partnership between the state and communities serves as the foundation of a new architecture of public governance focused on transparency, accountability, and sustainable development.
STATE CONTROL OVER THE USE AND PROTECTION OF LAND RESOURCES
The organization of state control over the use and protection of land resources- whose effective management is a key factor in the sustainable development of the state-has been analyzed. It is noted that state control in the field of land relations is regulated by the laws of Ukraine, and its implementation is entrusted to the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre (State Geocadastre), the State Environmental Inspection, local state administrations and local self-government bodies. It is substantiated that state control in the field of land use and protection is a purposeful and socially important activity of the state. Its main objective is to prevent and eliminate violations of land legislation, as well as to ensure real compliance with the law in the land sphere. It is emphasized that state control over the use and protection of land is a key mechanism for implementing land policy and ensuring of environmental safety. Its effectiveness is determined by the level of interaction between regulatory authorities, the legal certainty of procedures and the use of modern digital technologies.
MECHANISMS OF COMMUNICATION OF REGIONAL COUNCILS WITH THE PUBLIC (ON THE EXAMPLE OF MYKOLAIV REGIONAL COUNCIL)
The materials present an analysis of modern mechanisms of communication of regional councils of Ukraine with the public using the example of the Mykolaiv regional council. The main forms of interaction are analyzed, including advisory bodies, consultations with the public, cooperation with the media, the use of digital platforms and social networks. Special attention is paid to the practice of personal receptions of citizens, work with appeals and the development of the institution of electronic petitions. It is noted that the combination of traditional and modern communication tools contributes to increasing the openness, transparency and efficiency of the activities of regional self-government bodies, as well as the formation of trust between the authorities and the community.
ELECTRONIC VOTING IN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES
The materials present an analysis of the experience of implementing electronic voting (e-voting) in Latin American countries, where a wide range of approaches can be observed - from the full implementation of direct recording electronic systems (DRE) to hybrid solutions with paper verification or Internet voting for citizens living abroad. The examples of Brazil, Venezuela, Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and other countries are considered, outlining their achievements and challenges related to voter trust, cybersecurity, and legal regulation of the process. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of introducing electronic voting depends on technological readiness, the transparency of electoral procedures, and institutional trust. It is noted that Ukraine can draw on the Latin American experience to gradually implement secure and transparent digital voting technologies in the post-war period.
THE INFLUENCE OF A MANAGER ON THE FORMATION AND MAINTENANCE OF POSITIVE MANAGEMENT IN A HEALTHCARE INSTITUTION
The presented materials examine the role of a manager in the formation and maintenance of positive management in healthcare institutions. The main factors influencing the effectiveness of managerial activity are identified, including leadership style, communicative competence, emotional intelligence, and the ability to motivate staff. The mechanisms of creating a positive microclimate within the team, maintaining professional ethics, and developing corporate culture are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the impact of managerial decisions on the quality of medical services and patient satisfaction. It is noted that an effective healthcare manager acts not only as an organizer but also as a leader capable of ensuring a harmonious combination of professional, ethical, and psychological aspects of management.
FEATURES OF CHINA’S HEALTHCARE INTERACTION WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES
The theses examine key aspects of China’s international interaction in the health sector, including the provision of medical services to foreigners, the export of medical technologies, cooperation in the field of traditional and Western medicine, as well as the issue of health insurance for foreign citizens. It shows how China is becoming one of the leading players in the global medical space.
KEY HEALTHCARE HUMAN RESOURCE TRENDS: CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
The theses examine current human resource trends in healthcare, including the impact of demographic changes, technological innovations, and industry structural transformations on the demand and organization of work for medical professionals. Emphasis is placed on the growing need for skilled personnel due to the aging population and the spread of chronic diseases, as well as the role of digitalization, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence in shaping new professional requirements. Particular attention is paid to the challenges associated with improving the skills of medical personnel and adapting to changes in the healthcare structure, including the growth of the private sector. Analysis of trends allows us to outline strategic directions for the development of human resource policy in healthcare.
THE CONCEPT AND ESSENCE OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING AS AN OBJECT OF MUNICIPAL REGULATION
The materials reveal the concept and essence of outdoor advertising as an object of municipal regulation. The legislative definition of the term “outdoor advertising” under the Law of Ukraine “On Advertising” is analyzed, and its scientific clarification is proposed in accordance with modern practices. The main types of advertising structures, their impact on urban space, and their role in shaping the aesthetic environment of settlements are highlighted. The importance of outdoor advertising as a component of urban improvement and as a subject of local self-government competence is substantiated. The key problems of the current regulatory system are identified, including permit barriers, inconsistency of local rules, and lack of public control. Directions for improving municipal policy in the field of outdoor advertising are proposed to ensure a balance between business and community interests.
MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF MYKOLAIV
The materials are devoted to the study of public administration mechanisms for implementing the energy management system at the municipal level. It is determined that effective energy resource management is a key factor for the sustainable development of urban communities, especially in the context of post-war infrastructure recovery. Using the example of the city of Mykolaiv, the main organizational, financial, regulatory, and information-analytical mechanisms ensuring the functioning of the energy management system are considered. It is noted that the organizational mechanism involves the establishment of responsible structures within the executive bodies of the city council, the introduction of an energy manager position, and the development of interagency cooperation. The regulatory mechanism is based on the adoption of local energy efficiency programs harmonized with national and European policies. The financial mechanism includes optimizing budget expenditures, using energy service contracts, and attracting international partners (GIZ, NEFCO, USAID). The information-analytical mechanism provides for the digitalization of energy monitoring processes, the use of open data, and e-governance systems. The implementation of energy management contributes to increasing the transparency of local self-government, forming a new management culture, and reducing the city’s energy dependence. Prospective areas for improvement have been identified: the development of a unified energy monitoring platform, strengthening human resource capacity, and integrating energy efficiency into Mykolaiv’s sustainable development strategy.
ELECTRONIC DECLARATION AS A TOOL FOR PREVENTING CORRUPTION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES OF UKRAINE UNDER MARTIAL ARTS
The materials present an analysis of the role of the electronic declaration system of income of officials as one of the key tools for preventing corruption in Ukraine, especially under martial law. The essence of corruption as a socio-legal phenomenon that undermines the foundations of public administration, reduces the level of citizens' trust in the authorities and poses a threat to national security is revealed. The structure of the financial control system entities – the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption (NACP), declarants, law enforcement agencies and personnel services – is analyzed. Problems of the functioning of the electronic declaration system are identified, in particular, the low efficiency of data verification and insufficient inevitability of punishment for violations. Areas for improvement are proposed, including: integration of state electronic registers, introduction of risk-based monitoring and strengthening of the institutional capacity of the NACP. It is concluded that the effectiveness of declaration as a mechanism for preventing corruption depends on the coordinated interaction of all participants in the system and the constant digital modernization of control processes
LOBBYING TRANSPARENCY REGISTER IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS OF EXPECTATIONS, RISKS, AND INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES FOR THE NACP
The thesis is devoted to the study of institutional challenges and operational risks arising in the process of implementing the Lobbying Transparency Register in accordance with the Law of Ukraine No. 3620-IX. The central analysis focuses on the contrast between expectations regarding the systemic legalization of influence and threats arising from circumvention of registration and unreliability of financial reporting, which form a «gray zone». The key institutional challenge for the NACP is the need to ensure proactive monitoring and digital integration for data verification, as well as increasing the ethical sustainability of public servants. The effectiveness of the Register is determined by its ability to become an analytical tool for combating corruption, which is a critical indicator of the maturity of the Ukrainian public administration system.
UKRAINE’S DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION TASKS, FORMATION MECHANISMS, AND IMPLEMENTATION
The materials examine the evolution of Ukraine’s development strategies from 1991 to 2025, identify the main factors influencing the processes of state formation and public administration. The essence of strategic management as a multi-level system that ensures the formation, implementation and control of state decisions within the framework of a national development strategy is revealed. Particular attention is paid to SWOT analysis as an effective tool for strategic planning, which allows assessing internal and external factors influencing state policy. The work analyzes the key areas of Ukraine’s strategic development – national security, education, energy policy, the fight against corruption and the development of culture. The importance of creating a holistic system of public management mechanisms aimed at ensuring stable, safe and innovative development of the state in the context of European integration is emphasized.
STATE POLICY TO PROMOTE INVESTMENT IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE: PROSPECTS FOR TRANSFORMATIVE DEVELOPMENT
The article examines the formation and implementation of state support mechanisms for investments in the reconstruction of Ukraine’s critical infrastructure under wartime conditions and in the context of European integration. The study highlights the role of the state as a coordinator, guarantor, and co-investor in creating a transparent and attractive investment environment. Particular attention is paid to the “Ukraine Facility” instrument as a key source of financial support for reforms and recovery. The necessity of establishing a unified coordination center, introducing a “one-stop” regime for investors, and creating a state agency for war risk insurance is substantiated. The article emphasizes the importance of public-private partnerships, tax incentives, and the Fast-Track regime to encourage investments in strategic sectors such as energy, logistics, and municipal infrastructure. It also underlines the harmonization of legislation with EU law and the use of digital monitoring for financial transparency. The proposed mechanisms are expected to enhance economic resilience and accelerate Ukraine’s integration into the European economic space.
RISKS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The materials present an analysis of the risks that arise in the process of implementing and using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the public administration system. It is found that AI as a complex of information technologies generates socio-economic, technological and institutional risks that affect the effectiveness of the functioning of state institutions and the observance of citizens' rights. The main threats are outlined, in particular, the bias of algorithms, the opacity of decision-making processes, violation of the confidentiality of personal data, the militarization of AI, the risks of losing control over algorithms and the socio-economic consequences of automation. It is determined that the dynamism of these risks requires a systematic approach to their monitoring, improvement of regulatory and legal regulation and an increase in the level of responsibility of public authorities in the field of AI application.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В МЕДИЧНОМУ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТІ
POLITICAL AND LEGAL MECHANISMS OF NATIONAL AND ETHNIC DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
The materials present an analysis of current trends in the development of Ukraine's ethnic policy, which are determined by the need to ensure a balance between integration processes and the preservation of ethnic and cultural diversity. It has been established that mechanisms for the legal regulation of state ethnic policy, educational and cultural programmes, and measures in the field of national security are of particular importance. It is emphasised that in order to strengthen political and legal mechanisms, it is necessary not only to update the legislative and institutional framework, but also to form a new culture of interethnic interaction based on mutual respect, tolerance and integration without assimilation.
LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF CONTROLLING OF THE LEGALITY OF FOREIGNERS' STAY IN POLAND
This theses presents the legal and administrative conditions for controlling of the legality of foreigners' stay in the territory of the Republic of Poland. It discusses the role and competences of the authorities authorized to conduct such checks, in particular the Border Guard, the Police, the Head of the Office for Foreigners, voivodes, and the National Revenue Administration. It also analyzes control procedures and the rationale for the temporary reintroduction of internal border controls in the context of the Schengen Borders Code. The study also highlights practical aspects of counteracting illegal migration and the legal consequences of illegal foreigners' stay.
SOURCES OF CONFLICTS AND STRESSFUL SITUATIONS IN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
The materials present a study of the essence, nature, and main sources of conflicts and stressful situations in public organizations. The interrelation between organizational, socio-psychological, and personal factors that cause conflicts in the field of public administration is revealed. It was found that the key causes of tension within the teams of state and municipal institutions include imperfect management structures, low levels of communication, employee overload, limited resources, as well as political and administrative pressure. Special attention is given to the analysis of the psychological aspects of conflict behavior and the influence of professional stress on the efficiency of employees’ activities. The necessity of implementing a conflict management system, developing the emotional intelligence of leaders, and forming a favorable socio-psychological climate in public organizations is substantiated. As a result of the research, the main directions of conflict prevention were determined: improvement of the organizational structure, enhancement of communication quality, development of ethical leadership, and establishment of a corporate culture focused on trust and cooperation.
TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES
The scientific materials summarize the processes of transformation of higher education in Ukraine under the influence of technological, environmental, and geopolitical challenges. It is noted that universities are evolving from mere knowledge providers into entrepreneurial innovation centers that interact with business, industry, and the state. The stages of reform are outlined: de-Sovietization and autonomy of the 1990s, European integration through the Bologna Process, and the strengthening of quality and self-governance after 2014. The transition to an open deterministic quasi-competition model is identified, in which the state sets the rules while institutions compete for human, financial, informational, and reputational resources. Human capital and strategic management are defined as key success factors. The conclusion emphasizes the need to enhance innovation activity, internationalization of the educational process, and adherence to the principles of sustainable development as essential conditions for increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian universities in the global educational space. The implementation of innovative technologies, participation in international research projects, and creation of a favorable environment for sustainable development will enable higher education institutions to ensure a high level of quality in education, research, and management. The proposed model combines the strategic role of the state and market mechanisms, forming a harmonious balance between the social mission of education, academic autonomy, and economic efficiency of universities, thus promoting their integration into the global educational community.
COMPLIANCE WITH THE RULES OF ETHICAL CONDUCT IN THE ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC SERVANTS IN UKRAINE
The study identifies the peculiarities of ethical norms in the behavior and professional activities of civil servants. Violation of ethical norms may be grounds for bringing civil servants to disciplinary responsibility, which is due to their special status. The issue of compliance with ethical norms is closely related to the issue of counteracting mobbing in the sphere of official relations.
KEY VECTORS OF STATE REGULATION OF AI TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION INTO THE E-HEALTH SYSTEM
This materials presents an analyzes the integration of artificial intelligence technologies (hereinafter referred to as AI technologies) into the electronic healthcare (Е-health) system as a fundamental stage of digital transformation, which shifts services to a «patient-centered» model. AI opens up new opportunities for diagnostics, risk prediction, and personalized medicine. It is emphasized that the low level of digital competence among medical personnel is a critical barrier to the implementation of innovations. Key vectors of state regulation aimed at creating sustainable and secure digital medicine have been substantiated. Priorities include continuous staff training, standardization of medical data exchange, development of AI assistants and personalized medicine, and ensuring cybersecurity. It has been determined that the implementation of these measures will improve the quality and accessibility of medical services, activate the role of the «digital patient», and reduce disparities in the healthcare system.
EU COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY AS A MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE
The scientific materials summarize the evolution and modern architecture of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), which ensures the leading positions of the European Union in the global agri-food market and a high contribution of value-added products. The key stages of reforms are shown: from price support and overcoming overproduction to the transition to direct payments, "multifunctionality" of agriculture and sustainable development policy. The current model of the CAP 2023-2027 is outlined, which is based on nine strategic objectives, national strategic plans, enhanced ecological architecture, innovations and digitalization. The two-pillar structure (market regulation and rural development) and the role of "green" instruments are revealed. The directions of approximation of Ukraine's policy with the CAP norms within the framework of the Association Agreement are analyzed, in particular, the harmonization of legislation, support reform, rural development, food safety and greening of production. The internal problems of Ukraine's agrarian policy and the influence of war as limiting factors are identified. The conclusion is made about the strategic importance of implementing the CAP principles for increasing the competitiveness, food security and European integration of Ukraine.
CURRENT ISSUES OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF WOMEN IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES AND THREATS
The current issues of public management of professional training for women in Ukraine under martial law, transformation of the labor market and sectors of the economy, and formation of priority areas for regulating the market of educational services and women's employment are considered. The need to develop a mechanism for improving the professional training and employment of the female population in Ukraine under martial law and in the post-war period was emphasized at the national, regional and local levels, capable of ensuring a balanced labor market and educational services, taking into account the significant number of women who become the main breadwinners of their families, integrate into new professional fields or return to work after a break caused by the war.
PUBLIC INVESTMENT POLICY OF THE STATE: INSTITUTIONAL MODELS AND COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
The theses consider the institutional mechanisms of the activities of state investment institutions of Ukraine, Poland, Germany and Spain, as well as their impact on the formation of an effective investment policy of the state. It is shown that in the conditions of the post-war transformation of Ukraine, the issue of coherence and effectiveness of investment institutions is of strategic importance. A comparative analysis of the KfW, BGK, PAIH and ICO models revealed the advantages of centralized management, financial autonomy and transparent coordination between the state and business. A conclusion is made on the feasibility of creating a National Investment Agency (NIA) or a state development bank in Ukraine with mechanisms of guarantees, co-financing and the issuance of «green» bonds. The implementation of the proposed approaches will contribute to the integration of Ukraine into the European financial space and increase its investment attractiveness.
MAJOR GLOBAL TRENDS IN HEALTHCARE: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
The abstracts examine the main global trends in health care, including: global population aging, the growth of noncommunicable diseases, digitalization of health services, improved safety, and an emphasis on equity in access to health care. The challenges arising from these trends are analyzed, and examples of effective strategies from different countries of the world that contribute to improving the quality and accessibility of health care are presented. The importance of international cooperation and the introduction of innovations to ensure the sustainability of health care systems in modern globalization conditions is emphasized.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: NEW OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN FIGHTING CORRUPTION
The materials highlight the role of artificial intelligence in the process of preventing corruption, showing both the advantages and warnings of this process in the context of global digital transformations that currently affect many areas of society.