INTERNATIONAL LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR PREVENTION AND COUNTERACTION TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Abstract

The thesis explores the phenomenon of domestic violence as a complex socio-legal issue with deep historical roots, multifactorial causes, and various forms of manifestation — physical, psychological, sexual, and economic. The stages of development of legal mechanisms to combat violence are analyzed, from the first mentions in the Code of Hammurabi and Rus’ Justice to the modern legislation of Ukraine. Special attention is given to the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention and Counteraction to Domestic Violence" and the ratification of the Istanbul Convention in 2022, which marked an important step at the international level. The paper reveals the impact of cultural, psychological, and social factors on the spread of violence, and emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary approach to its elimination. It is noted that effective combat against domestic violence requires not only the improvement of legal norms but also the active participation of state institutions, public organizations, and society as a whole, especially in the context of war, which has led to an increase in reports of violence. Modern assistance mechanisms are described, such as the creation of shelters, mobile psychosocial support teams, and others.