THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THEMYKOLAIV REGION FROMTHE LATE 1960sTO THE EARLY 1980s
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/mspc2025.01.09.22Keywords:
Mykolaiv region, education, school, educational institution, RussificationAbstract
The development of secondary and vocational schools in the Mykolaiv region from the late 1960s to the early 1980s is analyzed in this paper. The study shows that this period was marked by notable advancements in the educational sector, including the implementation of the classroom-based instructional system, a reduction in the number of small schools, and the modernization of classroom facilities through the introduction of film projectors, epidiascopes, tape recorders, televisions, record players, and radio stations. During the 1970s, the material and technical foundation necessary for the transition of schools in the region to general secondary education was established. In the 1970s, the formation of a network of general education boarding schools, orphanages, and specialized boarding schools was completed. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that the stagnation of the 1970s and early 1980s also affected the educational sector of the region. The application of the “residual” principle in funding this area resulted in adverse outcomes and the deterioration of numerous components within the system. Due to the lack of funds and materials, many educational institutions were not repaired for years. Some of them were brought to a state of emergency and closed. The period was distinguished by a government-directed campaign to Russify the education sector which was enhanced by the promotion of the Russian language in educational institutions, higher education establishments, governmental bodies, and cultural life, especially in cities. Evening and extramural studies proved to be inefficient and formalized.
References
Perepiska s Sovetom Ministrov USSR o vydelenii sredstv na promyshlennoe i zhilishnoe stroitelstvo, podgotovke kvalificirovannyh rabochih dlya promyshlennyh predpriyatij, ispolzovanii zhilya dlya pereselencev i drugim voprosam, 23 iyunya – 31 iyulya 1965. [Correspondence with the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on the allocation of funds for industrial and housing construction, the training of skilled workers for industrial enterprises, the use of housing for settlers and other issues, June 23 – July 31, 1965] DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 30. 368 ark. [in Russian]
Perepiska s promyshlennymi predpriyatiyami oblasti o stroitelstve zon otdyha dlya trudyashihsya, ob uvelichenii vypuska tovarov narodnogo potrebleniya, 7 yanvarya – 31 dekabrya 1971 [Correspondence with industrial enterprises of the region on the construction of recreation areas for workers, on increasing the output of consumer goods, January 7 – December 31, 1971]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 849. 289 ark. [in Russian]
Ohrenych, N. (2007). Khronohraf Mykolaivshchyny. [Chronograph of Mykolaiv region]. Mykolaiv: Vid-vo Iryna Gudym. 184 s. [in Ukrainian]
Perepiska s Ministerstvami USSR o stroitelstve eksperimentalno-pokazatelnogo s. Sebino, o rekonstrukcii oblastnoj glaznoj bolnicy i po drugim voprosam, 3 aprelya – 29 iyunya 1973 [Correspondence with the Ministries of the Ukrainian SSR on the construction of the experimental and demonstration village. Sebino, the reconstruction of the regional eye hospital and other issues, April 3 –June 29, 1973] DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 1207. 368 ark. [in Russian]
Osvita na Mykolaivshchyni u XIX–XX stolittiakh: Istorychni narysy [Education in Mykolaiv region in the 19th – 20th centuries: Historical drawings] / Editor: I.S. Pavlik; Editorial Board: V.D. Budak and others. Mykolayiv: UDMTU, 1997. 176 s. [in Ukrainian]
Perepiska s Sovetom Ministrov SSSR i Sovetom Ministrov USSR ob uvelichenii vypuska tovarov narodnogo potrebleniya, razvitiya materialno-tehnicheskoj bazy radioveshaniya i televideniya v Nikolaevskoj oblasti, stroitelstve zhilya dlya uchitelej selskih shkol, 4 yanvarya – 19 marta 1974 [Correspondence with the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on increasing the output of consumer goods, development of material and technical base of radio and television broadcasting in Mykolaiv region, construction of housing for teachers of rural schools, January 4 – March 19, 1974.] DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 1485. 361 ark. [in Russian]
Perepiska s Nikolaevskim gorispolkomom o vypolnenii narodnohozyajstvennyh planov, rabote uchrezhdenij i organizacij zdravoohraneniya, kultury, narodnogo obrazovaniya i bytovogo obsluzhivaniya naseleniya i po drugim voprosam, 5 yanvarya – 29 dekabrya 1972 [Correspondence with the Mykolaiv City Executive Committee on the implementation of economic plans, the work of institutions and organizations of health care, culture, public education and consumer services and other issues, January 5 – December 29, 1972] DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 1066. 78 ark. [in Russian]
Perepiska s Sovetom Ministrov SSSR, Sovetom Ministrov USSR, soyuznymi i respublikanskimi ministerstvami i vedomstvami o deyatelnosti kulturno-prosvetitelnyh uchrezhdenij, o razvitii turizma i sporta v oblasti, 26 yanvarya – 18 noyabrya1977 [Correspondence with the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, union and republican ministries and departments on the activities of cultural and educational institutions, on the development of tourism and sports in the region, January 26 – November 18, 1977]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 2216. 133 ark. [in Russian]
Perepiska s Nikolaevskim obkomom KPU o sozdanii zhilishnyh kooperativov, o merah po uluchsheniyu raboty selskih shkol i po drugim voprosam, 5 yanvarya 1973 – 24 yanvarya 1974 [Correspondence with the Nikolaev regional committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine on the creation of housing cooperatives, on measures to improve the work of rural schools and other issues, January 5, 1973 – January 24, 1974]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 1485. 234 ark. [in Russian]
Perepiska s Sovetom Ministrov SSSR i Sovetom Ministrov USSR o sostoyanii stroitelstva obektov zdravoohraneniya, stroitelstve vodoprovoda tehnicheskoj vody Dnepr-Nikolaev, hode zagotovok saharnoj svekly i kormov dlya skota i drugim voprosam, 1 iyulya – 27 sentyabrya 1974 [Correspondence with the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR on the state of construction of health care facilities, construction of the Dnieper-Nikolaev technical water pipeline, progress in the procurement of sugar beets and fodder for livestock, and other issues, July 1 – September 27, 1974]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti) F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 1486. 306 ark. [in Russian]
Perepiska s Nikolaevskim obkomom KPU o razvitii kurortnoj zony g. Ochakova, ob uluchshenii raboty organizacij gosudarstvennoj i kooperativnoj torgovli, o sostoyanii posevov zernovyh kultur, stroitelstve energeticheskih obektov v oblasti i drugim voprosam, 4 yanvarya – 31 dekabrya 1974 [Correspondence with the Nikolaev Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine on the development of the resort area of Ochakov, on improving the work of state and cooperative trade organizations, on the state of grain crops, construction of energy facilities in the region and other issues, 4 January – 31 December 1974.] DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 1492. 292 ark. [in Russian]
Dyrektyvy TsK KPU, dopovidni zapysky, informatsii, lystuvannia transportnoho viddilu obkomu, raikomiv partii pro rozvytok transportnykh pidpryiemstv oblasti, sluzhb i hospodarstv zaliznychnoho, vodnoho, avtomobilnoho transportu, morskoho i richkovoho portiv, tramvainoho parku u m. Mykolaiv; pro vantazhoperevezennia, stan portiv i prystanei, 5 sichnia 1964 r. – 21 serpnia 1991[Directives of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, supplementary notes, information, leaflets of the transport department of the regional committee, district committees of the party about the development of transport enterprises in the region, services and businesses of rail, water, motor transport, sea and river ports, tramway park in Mykolaiv; about freight transportation, the state of ports and wharves, 5 June 1964 – 21 September 1991]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 945. 210 ark. [in Ukrainian]
Perepiska s Sovetom Ministrov SSSR i Sovetom Ministrov USSR, soyuznymi i respublikanskimi ministerstvami i vedomstvami o sostoyanii i razvitii narodnogo, professionalno-tehnicheskogo obrazovaniya, rabote detskih doshkolnyh uchrezhdenij, 18 aprelya – 11 dekabrya 1985 [Correspondence with the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, union and republican ministries and departments on the state and development of public, vocational and technical education, work of children's preschool institutions, April 18 – December 11, 1985]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 4116. 94 ark. [in Russian]
Postanovy TsK KPU, dovidky ta informatsii administratyvnoho viddilu obkomu partii pro zakhody shchodo zmitsnennia sotsialistychnoi zakonnosti i pravoporiadku, borotby z rozkradanniam i roztratamy derzhavnoho maina, spekuliatsiieiu, zlochynnistiu, zlovzhyvanniam sluzhbovym stanovyshchem, pro robotu oblasnoi prokuratury i oblasnoho upravlinnia yustytsii, 2 sichnia 1964 r. – 30 serpnia 1991 [Resolutions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, references and information from the administrative department of the party's regional committee on measures to strengthen socialist law and order, fight against theft and embezzlement of state property, speculation, crime, abuse of office, and the work of the regional prosecutor's office and the regional department of justice, January 2, 1964 – August 30, 1991]. DAMO (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti). F. R-992. Op. 12. Spr. 937. 289 ark. [in Ukrainian]
Kvitkovska, N. (1985). Diialnist komisii u spravakh nepovnolitnikh. [Activity of commissions on juvenile affairs] Radianske pravo. № 9. S. 60–69. [in Ukrainian]
